Biography of Tupolev Designer

Born on November 10, according to the old style on October 29, the Korchevsky district of the Suvorovsky volost of the Tver province now exists in the Pustomazovo estate. By origin of the mother from the nobles, the father from the raznochintsy. In the year he graduated from the Tver gymnasium. In the year he entered the Imperial Technical School later than the Moscow Higher Technical School, in the year he graduated with honors.

The long term of training is due to the fact that for participation in student unrest by order of the Tupolev police was excluded in the year from the school and was sent to their homeland for two years under police supervision. During the study from the year - a member of the air mug of Professor N. Zhukovsky, one of his favorite students. He participated in the construction of a glider, on which he independently made the first flight of a year.

In the years, Tupolev participated in the works of the first in Russia of the aviation calculation bureau; Designed the first aerodynamic pipes in the school. After the October Revolution, together with N. Zhukovsky, he was the organizer and one of the leaders of the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute of TsAGI. In years - a member of the Board of TsAGI and the deputy head of the Institute for an experienced whole -metal aircraft engineering.

From the year - the chairman of the commission for the construction of metal aircraft under TsAGI, the initiator and one of the organizers of the production of the first Soviet aviation alloy - chaLLFULUMINY. Since this year, the experimental design bureau for the design and production of all -metal aircraft of various classes formed and led by him began to operate in the TsAGI system.

From the year - the chief designer of this design bureau.

In the years, Tupolev was one of the creators of the scientific and technical base of TsAGI, a developer of projects of a number of laboratories, aerodynamic pipes, an experimental hydraulic channel, the first experimental plant for the construction of all-metal aircraft. In the year, Tupolev created his first light aircraft of the ANT-1 mixed design, B-the first Soviet all-metal aircraft ANT-2, in-the first combat all-metal aircraft ANTZ, which was seriously built from above and entered the service as an intelligence officer RO for the first time in the world practice of Tupolev scientifically substantiated the rationality of the scheme of a free-metal monoplane from The wing profile of a large building height, with engines located in its wear.

He created such an aircraft that had no analogues in the ANT-4 world in the year, was built from above aircraft, was produced as a TB bomber as the head of the design bureau Tupolev developed and introduced into practice the technology of large-scale production of light and heavy metal aircraft. Under his leadership, bombers, scouts, fighters, passenger, transport, sea, special record aircraft, as well as aerosnia, torpedo boats, gondolas, motorized installations and plumage of the first Soviet airships were designed.

He put into the practice of domestic aircraft engineering an organization at serial factories of the main KB branches, which significantly accelerated the production of cars; The creation of their flights and annual bases at the KB, which reduced the terms of both factory and state tests of experimental machines. From the year - the chief designer of TsAGI.

From the year - the head of the design department of the TsAGI experimental construction sector. From the year - Deputy Head of TsAGI for the sector of experimental construction. An outstanding achievement of design thought was the Ant-7 Anti R-6 intelligence, released over cars, a heavy TB-3 ANT-6 heavy bomber, was released from above, was used in all pre-war conflicts and in the Great Patriotic War, a high-speed SB ANT bomber, and a number of other types that remained experimental or produced by small ones were produced Series.

Of great importance for the development of the Soviet aviation industry was the creation of unique campaign aircraft as Pravda, Maxim Gorky, Homeland. Tupolev was unreasonably arrested on charges of wrecking and espionage. He and the aircraft designer V. Petlyakov was charged with the organization and leadership of the Russian-Fascist Party, as well as in espionage in favor of France.

Here he created a front -line bomber "" TU TUPPOPENS Ahead of schedule from the further departure of punishment with the removal of a criminal record. The main task during the war years was the finalization and serial production of the Tu-2 bomber was built over the copies of this aircraft. In the post -war period, under the leadership of Tupolev, a family of military aircraft was created.

Among them, the Tu-4 strategic bomber, the first Soviet reactive front-line bomber TU, a turboprop strategic bomber TU, a distant missile carrier-bomber TU, a super-sound bomber TU and many others. In the year, A. In the years in the Tupolev Design Bureau, a new unit was created, the task of which was the development of unmanned aerial vehicles. Work was carried out on the planning hypersonic apparatus "" and the missileplane "" "Zvezda".

With work on bombers with a nuclear power plant Yasu.At the same time, civilian building also developed widely, although Tupolev took the first steps in this direction back in the beginning of the X. On the basis of the bombarder, the first Soviet reactive passenger aircraft was created in the year, the first turboprop intercontinental aircraft that year, the near and medium -sized trunk aircraft of the TU, TU, and the TU, as well as the supersonic passenger plane, followed.

Tupolev’s aircraft became the basis of the park of the largest aviation company of Aeroflot, operated in dozens of countries. Under the leadership of Tupolev, 70 types of aircraft were designed from above, 70 of which were built in mass. 78 world records were installed on his aircraft, about 30 outstanding flights were performed. The creator of the outstanding school of domestic aircraft industry, from which dozens of outstanding designers came out.

He lived in Moscow. He died on December 23. The plot 8 was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy cemetery. It was awarded eight orders of Lenin,, January, December,,, the Orders of the October Revolution, Suvorov of the 2nd degree, the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, two orders of the Red Banner of Labor, the Orders of the Red Star, the “sign of honor”, ​​the medals, the Order of George Dimitrov The People’s Republic of Bulgaria, the Honorary Member of the Royal Aviation Society of Great Britain and the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, he was awarded to N.

Bronze Bust of the Hero is installed in the city of Kimra of the Tver region. In the name of A. on buildings in Moscow and Omsk, in which A. Tupolev worked, memorial boards were installed. Tupolev, Kazan Aviation Institute, island in the Obska Bay of the Kara Sea.