Caravaggio biography of the artist

Jerome ”actively works Caravaggio during his life in Naples. The last work of the painter was the painting “Martyrdom of St. Ursula”, written 12 days before death. He is called a great filmmaker - such a work of light and shadow is simply unique for those times. Features of the work of the work of Caravaggio are amazing. Even more surprising is that the master never wrote sketches - he immediately wrote to the canvas.

The realism of his images scared contemporaries. He wrote not canonical faces and poses. In his paintings, the saints experienced physical suffering, joy, surprise. How sincerely surprised by the resurrection of Christ Thomas! He touches the body of Christ carefully, as if afraid to believe his eyes. Caravaggio boldly puts his heroes in modern clothes for him, takes the courtesakes as a sketchik, which brings the anger of the Church.

He is attentive to details that are important, but not paramount to him. Traditional plots in its interpretation acquired a different meaning. In the mature period of his work, his work is monumental, differ in a well -thought -out composition, a classic pattern, a milder contrast of light and shadow. It was Caravaggio who began to use the technique of the letter “Chiastaroskuro”, that is, the contrasts of light and shadow.

After the death of Caravaggio, many followers of his work appeared. Although he never sought to gain many students, did not base his own school, did not set out the principles of his work in literary treatises. After the death of the master, they almost immediately forgot about him, although they followed the basic principles of his work. Only three hundred years later it was reopened and appreciated the influence on the development of European painting.

Researchers argued that without him it would be impossible to exist such artists as Rembrand, Vermoer, Ribera. Many caravagists grabbed only external effects, thoughtlessly reproducing them on the canvas. But there were great masters among them. For example, O. Gentileels, M. de Fjorhi, “Utrekhti Caravagists” D. Babureuren, H. Tebryuggen and others. A bold innovator who challenged the fresh mannerism, who was bored with academicism and offered a completely different approach to painting.

The Roman period of the artist’s life was very fruitful. Caravaggio always had powerful patrons, they recommended Caravaggio for admission to the academy. But President Federico Tsukkaro refused him a reception. He believed that the painting of Caravaggio was successful only due to the presence of that rich patrons. The wanderings of the artist Karavaggio never differed in a flexible and calm disposition.

On the contrary, from his youth he became famous as a hot -tempered, sharp, scandalous person. This feature of character played a cruel joke many times. Since the years, he regularly participates in fights, fights on duels and in every possible way violates public calm. After the death of his mother in the year, he receives a small inheritance, which allows him to live relatively for several years comfortably.

It is noteworthy that after the funeral of the mother and the division of property, he never again comes to his father’s house. A violent temper led to the fact that a year was accused of murder. The quarrel that arose during the card game ended with a tragedy and the main suspect became precisely Caravaggio. Hiding from justice, he fled from his native Milan and settled in Rome. Caravaggio self -portrait such a dangerous adventure did not force the artist to behave more restrained.

Already in Rome, he is again involved in history - he is again accused of murder. In the year, during a sports game of the ball, a certain Ranuccio Thomasoni was killed. As it turned out after the disclosure of the Vatican archives, the quarrel happened because of the woman. She was the courtesan Fillida Melandroni. She was one of the artist’s favorite models and at the same time shared the bed with him and many others.

Michelangelo sticks a knife into Tomomoni's thigh, touches the artery and he dies. The artist’s life is in serious danger - Pope Paul V declared Caravaggio outlawed. This meant that now everyone could not only kill him, but also get a solid reward for this. At the same time, a rich patron - banker Vincenzo Dzhistignani saved him from many troubles. He paid fines for him, saved from the wrath of the victims of the incontinence of Caravaggio.

But in this case, he was powerless - he could not protect his pet. The painter runs into Naples, then hides in Malta. On the island, he was introduced to the master Alof de Vignacuru, admitted to the Maltese Order and even received several profitable orders. But the island was interested in enemies and spies of the artist. Since he did not come from a noble family, many members of the order were not satisfied that he joined their row.

Although the title of “knight” of Caravaggio was not awarded. In the year, Caravaggio is again accused of attack and injury. There is every reason to think that the case was fabricated. From the crowd of accused, the victim indicated as a criminal only to the painter. Caravaggio is sent to prison, from which he mysteriously escapes.The prison was a stone bag and without help to get out of the outside, independently, Michelangelo could not.

Who then helped him and remained a mystery. The knights of the Maltese order rummage the entire island, but Caravaggio seemed to evaporate. The artist found a new refuge in Sicily. He did not stay on the island for long. Messina, Palermo, Naples ... In Naples, his life was in danger - an attempt was committed on him. The powerful patrons of the artist were about to turn to the dad so that he would have mercy on Caravaggio, but did not have time - he died on July 18, and on July 31 they announced his pardon.

For a long time it was believed that Caravaggio died of syphilis. But modern studies of scientists have proved that the cause was Staphylococcus.

Very little is known about the personal life of the artist’s personal life. He was never married and officially recognized children, he also did not have. Some researchers are inclined to the fact that the artist was a homosexual. In support of this theory, the fact is given that as models he most often chose young, puffing health and attractive young people.

Sometimes, even to create female images, boys posed for him. In fact, in the biography of Caravaggio there are many information that says that love novels with women were present in his life in a fair amount. Moreover, work with modeling, and not the model was familiar to artists of the 17th century. Selected paintings.