Biography of August 2

August II. August II Mocny; May 12, Dresden-February 1, Warsaw-Elector Saxony since May 7, King of Poland and Grand Duke Lithuania from September 15, the proclamation of the king on June 17 to February 16, the first time, actually until September 24, and from August 8, 2nd time. For his physical strength, strong him were nicknamed. August Der Starke, and also received nicknames of the Saxon Hercules and an iron hand.

In order to occupy the Polish throne, Protestant Augustus accepted Catholicism. His attempts by internal reforms and the strengthening of royal power turned into a failure, while allowing the Russian Empire to strengthen the influence in this region. August was an ally of Peter I in the Northern War - against Sweden. Augustus married Christine Ebergardin Brandenburg-Bayreite on January 20.

They had a son Friedrich August II - who inherited his father's title of the Saxon Elector and the Polish king. As the youngest son, August did not have the right to manage the Elector, and Johann Georg IV took the place of their father after his death on September 12. During the carnival season in Venice, Johann George IV infected with smallpox and, without leaving the will, died on April 27.

Activities in Saxony, its influence on the cultural development of Saxony was very significant. His name, as a customer, is associated with many cultural monuments. In search of funds, especially during the period of exacerbation of rivalry for the Polish crown, August strongly attracted numerous alchemists and adventurers who promised to get gold from mercury. At the Saxon court, the alchemist Johann Betger instead of gold was the first to produce porcelain products in Europe.

In the year, at the direction of August, porcelain manufactories were founded in Meysen and Dresden. In the year, a new organization and expansion of the art collections of Dresden began. August strong became the actual founder of the famous Museums of Dresden, such as the gallery of old masters and green arches. At the same time, a topographic measurement of Saxon roads and the establishment of the first postal pillars began.

He has no military and economic merits. The high costs of his yard in the style of Louis XIV, he left behind a completely shook economy in Saxony. Activities in Poland The main article: The Tarnogrod Confederation August pursued an inconsistent policy. Being connected by the Military Union with Peter I, however, he repeatedly concluded secret agreements with his opponent Charles XII.

When Peter I forced Augustus to fulfill allied obligations, the Polish army under the command of the latter was defeated by the Swedes, and August himself was forced to renounce the throne in favor of Stanislav Leshchinsky. Later, not without the help of Peter, he returned to the throne, but continued his former policy: being formally an ally of Russia, concluded secret unions directed against it.

During his reign, the gentry Vaclav Tulko brought closer to himself, who was actually the head of the secret service under the king. Personal life and offspring since the year of Augustus was married to Christian Bayreite - after the next year August was elected King of Poland, he moved there and accepted Catholicism, and Christian remained Verne Protestant Vera and remained in Saxony.

From this moment, their marriage broke up. August had many favorites, the most famous of which is Countess Kozelskaya. There were rumors that Empire-Korol had illegitimate children. The most famous of them are Sakson Moritz from Aurora von Königsmark, later a brilliant French commander, Chevalier de Sax and adventurer Anna Karolina Zhelskaya. Through the offspring of his illegitimate son, Count Moritsa Saxon, the Polish king August became the ancestor of the writer George Sand.

Source: Wikipedia.