Moritz Schlick Biography
Applications Schlick Schlick Moritz April 14, Berlin - June 22, Vienna - Austrian philosopher, one of the leaders of logical empiricism, the founder of the Vienna circle studied the natural sciences and mathematics at the universities of Heidelberg, Lausanne and Berlin, psychology at the University of Zurich. He defended his doctoral dissertation in physics, Berlin University under the leadership of M.
Professor of the University of Kil, the University of Vienna, where he became the successor to E. Mach, heading the department of history and theory of inductive sciences. C was associated with L. Wittgenstein, who had a significant impact on him. He was invited as a lecturer at Stanford University and University of Berkeley the United States. The tragic death of the bacon at the hands of the fanatic killer put an end to the official existence of the Viennese circle.
The leitmotif of the philosophical views of Shlite is an unconditional value priority of empirical knowledge, the idea of the need for empirical justification of science. The task of philosophy is to analyze the meaning of judgments that form knowledge systems, in particular in the study of the methods that the connection between concepts and facts is carried out in scientific knowledge.
Scientific theories are logical systems that allow you to systematize facts and display them as consequences from the accepted parcels with axiom, postulates. Theoretical conclusions without an empirical interpretation are the totality of analytical judgments and therefore tautological are not carried out; The empirical meaning is informed by him only if they, in principle, can be verified by experience verified.
Schlick considered the limit of verification her logical possibility of e.g. Such an identification of empirical meaningfulness and fundamental verification weakened the criticism of metaphysical unverified judgments as scientifically instructive, since the criteria for the “logical possibility” of experimental checks were not clearly defined. The laws of science universal judgments also cannot be fully verified; Therefore, they are interpreted as hypotheses, claiming a certain probability, as the “rules” of the formation of single judgments that allow verification.
However, such an understanding of laws questioned their meaningfulness as scientific statements. Schlick interpreted the verbal of verification phenomenalistically, that is, as a formulation of proposals that record the sensual experiences of the subject in direct experience. At the same time, Schlick tried to maintain the position of realism in relation to theoretical unburified objects: microparticles, fields, charges, etc.
However, the realistic installation was not internally agreed with verificationism and phenomenalism as part of the epistemological views of the slalit. Any object of cognition is both observed and unobsed is constructed by a cognitive subject, so the existence of the objects of “themselves-to-sebe” analogue of the Kantian “things-in-seb” is a metaphysical pseudo-problem. And it was precisely in the rejection of pseudo -problem, causing endless and barren disputes, a positive “turn in philosophy”, which Schlick called for.
The principles of empirical justification were spread by slalcing to the philosophy of natural science where they formulated the problems of the scientific meaningfulness of spatio-temporal judgments in physics and the sphere of ethics, where he was most interested in the problem of free, that is, not forced by certain laws, behavior. The modus of behavior is not derived as a logical consequence from the "laws of nature", but is caused by the free will or unwillingness to do this and so; Therefore, only a free act can be evaluated as moral or immoral.
The most obvious evidence that free behavior is generally possible is the game and a sense of joy that caused by it. Works: 1. Raum und zeit in der moodernen Physik. Allgemeine Erkenontnislehre. Helmgoltz Als Physker, Physiology und Philosoph Council. Karlsruhe, Vom Sinn des Lebens. Erlangen,; 4. Fragen der Ethik. Sur Le Fondement de la Connaissance. Natur und Kultur.
Philosophical Papers, v. Dordrecht etc. DIE PROBLEME DER Philosophie in Ihrem Zusammenhang. Turn in philosophy.
Selected texts. About the foundation of knowledge.