Lermontov Biography 1837
The author of the Caucasus in the life and work of the poet Mikhail Lermontov was the first time the reason for the exile to the Caucasus in the year was the poem “Death of the Poet”, which was dedicated to the tragic death of Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin to a duel. Igor STELINOV Author with the majestic Caucasus is connected by almost the whole life of the poet.
Lermontov reflected his love for this region in his work. For the first time in the Caucasus, he visited as a child. Grandmother Elizaveta Alekseevna Arsenyeva carefully cared about the poor health of the boy. It was she who brought him “to the waters” at the age of 10. Years later the mature poet made a choice in favor of a military career, as the grandmother wanted.
The first time for a reference to the Caucasus in the year was the poem “The Death of the Poet”, which was dedicated to the tragic death of Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin to a duel for the first time. This link lasted only a few months, and the poet never got to the advanced poet. First, Lermontov was sent to Stavropol, where the command of the Caucasian line was located then.
But on the road he caught a cold. Then the doctors appointed him a course of treatment with mineral waters in Pyatigorsk. The poet also visited Kislovodsk for this short link, and later visited the Transcaucasia, in Tiflis. During this trip, Lermontov began to learn one of the Turkic languages common in the region, imbued with culture and traditions of the Caucasus. Grandma's troubles helped to return from the exile.
But the return was short -lived.
In the year, Lermontov intelligence officer Lermontov participated in the first duel in his first life - with the son of the ambassador of France, Ernest Barant. It ended with a draw. But Lermontov was arrested for the “informing of the duel”. As a result, he was sent to the next link. The decision was personally made by Nicholas I. The Lermontov was sent to the Tenginsky Infantry Regiment.
He ended up at the advanced Caucasian war. Contemporaries recalled that Lermontov was different on the battlefields with unprecedented courage. His merits in the battle on the Valerik River are especially known, which occurred in July about 39 kilometers from the Grozny fortress today - the city of Grozny. The Chechen detachment of the Russian army of Lieutenant Galafeev General and detachments of the highlanders Imam Shamil entered the battle.
The royal army, which went on march, was fired on a road passing through the Gakhinsky forest. The soldiers managed to get to the crossing, but there they were an ambush. The highlanders hid the other side of the river - in thick vegetation. I had to switch under a hail of bullets. But there was no other way - the soldiers had to storm the thicket, where the enemy settled. And it was Mikhail Yuryevich, who made a connection between the general and the advanced units in this fight, who helped to conduct a successful attack.
The episode from the battle of Valerik, Watercolor M. Lermontov and G. Gagarin in the fall of the year, under his beginning, the Rufin Dorokhov wounded in battle passed a hundred “hunters”. The decision to entrust the leadership of Lermontov was made, mindful of his merits during the battle on the Valerik River. The Lermontov detachment conducted partisan special operations, attacked the highlanders where they did not expect, conducted reconnaissance, monitoring the enemy’s movement during campaigns in the small and large Chechnya.
General Konstantin Mamatsev said this detachment: “Even in this campaign, he Lermontov never obeyed any regime, and his team, like a wandering comet, wandered everywhere, appearing where she pleases, in battle, she was looking for the most dangerous places.” The courage shown on the battlefields gave Lermontov the right to get a vacation. In winter - Lermontov went to Petersburg.
There he was thinking of resigning to devote himself to literature. But he did not dare. The last duel in the spring of the year Mikhail Yuryevich returned to his regiment to the Caucasus, but he never reached the theater of hostilities. At first he hit Stavropol, and then in Pyatigorsk. In the summer of the same year, the poet lived a little in Karpov’s house in Zheleznovodsk.
As contemporaries responded, then the tests of tests and disappointments experienced by him affected the poet’s character. He was rude and caustic even with his friends. In Pyatigorsk, Lermontov quarreled with a retired major Nikolai Martynov - with the same comrade with whom he went to the Caucasus during the first link. The fatal event occurred one of the evenings of July in the house of General Verzilin.
Lermontov made fun of Martynov, and in response he called for a duel. Today, the Verzilin house is located the Museum-Reserve M. Lermontov at the address: Pyatigorsk, st. Buachidze, the village of Tragic Duel happened on July 27 at the foot of Mashuk. Historians believe that the poet shot in the air, and Martynov hit the chest right. Lermontov was buried on Pyatigorsk land on July 29.
The poet’s body remained in the Caucasus days until the poet’s grandmother turned directly to the emperor to transport the body of the grandson to the Tarhana family estate. Read even more interesting about the Caucasus in the information and analytical portal registry recording EL NO FS from