Volynsky Artemy biography

Artemy Petrovich Volynsky - from the ancient noble family. The son of Stolnik Peter Artemyevich Volynsky? Having lost his mother early, he was brought up in the house of a relative, S. Saltykov of a distant relative of Queen Praskovya Fedorovna, the mother of Empress Anna Ivanovna, who later patronized him. He served as a soldier in the Dragoon Regiment, with a captain.

Member of the Prut campaign, was in Turkish captivity in Istanbul. To the courier to Tsar Peter I with a peaceful treatise concluded in Adrianopol is sent as a courier. In the rank of lieutenant colonel, he was appointed envoy to Persia. In the instructions of Volynsky, Peter I prescribed to "visit" about the economic and geographical features of the Northern Caspian provinces of Iran; to find out “all places, marinas and cities and other settlements and positions of places”, as well as find out whether the sea or merchant courts are on that sea and in the marinas of the shah ”and“ which are where the Caspian rivers fall into the sea ”; Collect data on the fortified cities of Iran and the armament of the Shah troops.

If the Shah government would be interested in the search for an ally against the Ottoman Empire, Volynsky was given the right to start negotiations on the Russian-Iranian military alliance against Turkey. In the capital of Iran, Isfahan Embassy of Volynsky, which included 72 people, arrived in the spring, the ambassador began negotiations on the conclusion of a trading contract at first with the favorite of Shah Sultan-Hussein Fath Ali Khan Dagestani, and 4.

At the reception of the Sultan-Huseyn personally expressed a claim to the previous resident V. Kuchukov: “merchants from Russia from Russia They were fenced from abuse of officials who had previously taken goods from them for nothing or at an extremely cheap price, and the Persian authorities were obliged to provide them with protection and not to impose unscrupulous translators.

However, the establishment of a new port in the Caspian did not succeed in obtaining permission to build Orthodox churches for merchants in Iran in Iran, instead of an uncomfortable grassroots pier. Avramova, went on the return trip. Passing through Gilyan along the coast of the Caspian Sea to Shemakh, Volynsky got acquainted with the state of the coastal provinces of Iran, collected information about the Silkotsk industry of this region.

It was extremely low to appreciate the level of defense capability of the country and its internal state, considering the idle shah and elite to be guilty of this, and calling Peter to a trip to Persia: “... although our real war was forbidden to us, however, as I see the local weakness, we can begin to start without any fear, because it is not only a whole army, but also a small corps to join Russia without difficulty to join Russia without difficulty.

You can, what is the current time conveniently conveniently. ” Iran left in May on ships sent from Astrakhan. The magazine on the Persian map with a brief description of the provinces and cities, which was compiled by Volynsky, and where there are any ways convenient or the army necessary for passage ”became not only a detailed report of the journey, but also the most important source on the history of Azerbaijan and Iran.

During the Persian campaign - for extortion and bribes, he was disgusting to Peter I and was removed from office. From to 3. Member of the hostilities in Poland in from December, Lieutenant General and Adjutant General imp. Anna Ioannovna. It was a member of the Russian delegation at the Nemirovsky Congress to conclude peace with Turkey. B was the only speaker at the empress in the office of the office.

He fought with German dominance at court. To achieve his own ambitious goals, he tried to use the contradictions between E. Biron, Count A. Osterman, B. Minich, and others. Soimonov, P. Eropkin, A. Khrushchev, V. Tatishchev, discussed with them the political situation of Russia, projects of state reforms, etc. At the end of the Volynsky, Prince A. Kantemir, Count P. Musin-Pushkin, and others, entered the meetings of the “confidants” Volynsky sharply spoke about the reign of Anna Ivanovna, about her favorite E.

in February, regarding the conclusion of peace with Turkey, he received 20 thousand to the organizer of the “warming” wedding of the permissive jest of M. as a gift from the Empress, Prince M. Golitsyna with his beloved Kalmyk Empress E. Buzheninova in the ice house in S. as a result of the intrigue of E. Biron and A. Osterman, subjected to the investigation with his supporters with the use of torture, Volynsky denied the accusation of the intentions of the coup and intention to seize the throne.

By a special judicial presence - the General Assembly - according to the highest confirmation on charges of “insulting Majesty”, along with his “confidentialists” by P. Eropkin and A. Khrushchov, executed in S. buried in the cemetery at the Sampsonia Church of the Strange Party on the Vyborg side. At the command of the Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, a monument was erected on the grave - a stone slab and a small marble urn on the pedestal.

Over time, the monument was dilapidated, and in, at the initiative of the editor of the Russian Starina magazine M. Semevsky, funds were announced for a new monument. Part of the funds managed to raise by subscription, some were donated by the descendants of Volynsky. In June, after the solemn Liturgy in Sampsonievsky Cathedral, the new monument was consecrated.By their nature, life and activity, Volynsky is a typical gifted and educated self -taught nobleman of the “vain and dangerous time” of the first half of the XVIII century.

According to contemporaries, he was a talented person, distinguished by energy, hard work, curiosity. General H. Manstein Pisen: “Volynsky was smart, but also excessively ambitious; Proud, vanity, careless, he was inclined to intrigue and all his life was known for a restless person. ” He had an unbridled disposition, extreme temper, sharpness in judgments, cruelty. He was rude, greedy, vengeful, unclean in hand.

For bribery, he was closely familiar with the famous club of Peter I. He was universal to the power of the person, ready to repent and make derogatory messages. With the persons depending on him in the service - arrogant, imperious, inaccessible, not suffering objections. Most of Volynsky’s actions were dictated by his immense ambition. According to historian A. Kizvetter, "the richly gifted nature of Volynsky combined the outstanding vices of his era and the bright features of the awakened public consciousness." Married with Alexander Lvovna Naryshkina's mind.

Naryshkina, the cousin of Peter I. He had a son, Peter Artemyevich, who died childless, and two daughters: Maria Artemyevna-, married to Grazchik General Count I. Vorontsov, and Anna Artemyevna, married to the chamberlain of Count A.